2 Timothy 1:10

Authorized King James Version

But is now made manifest by the appearing of our Saviour Jesus Christ, who hath abolished death, and hath brought life and immortality to light through the gospel:

Word-by-Word Analysis

φανερωθεῖσαν

G5319

to render apparent (literally or figuratively)

δὲ

G1161

But

but, and, etc

νῦν

G3568

now

"now" (as adverb of date, a transition or emphasis); also as noun or adjective present or immediate

διὰ

G1223

through (in very wide applications, local, causal, or occasional)

τῆς

G3588

the (sometimes to be supplied, at others omitted, in english idiom)

ἐπιφανείας

G2015

the appearing

a manifestation, i.e., (specially) the advent of christ (past or future)

τοῦ

G3588

the (sometimes to be supplied, at others omitted, in english idiom)

σωτῆρος

G4990

Saviour

a deliverer, i.e., god or christ

ἡμῶν

G2257

of our

of (or from) us

#10

Ἰησοῦ

G2424

Jesus

jesus (i.e., jehoshua), the name of our lord and two (three) other israelites

#11

Χριστοῦ

G5547

Christ

anointed, i.e., the messiah, an epithet of jesus

#12

καταργήσαντος

G2673

hath abolished

to be (render) entirely idle (useless), literally or figuratively

#13

μὲν

G3303

who

properly, indicative of affirmation or concession (in fact); usually followed by a contrasted clause with g1161 (this one, the former, etc.)

#14

τὸν

G3588

the (sometimes to be supplied, at others omitted, in english idiom)

#15

θάνατον

G2288

death

(properly, an adjective used as a noun) death (literally or figuratively)

#16

φωτίσαντος

G5461

hath brought

to shed rays, i.e., to shine or (transitively) to brighten up (literally or figuratively)

#17

δὲ

G1161

But

but, and, etc

#18

ζωὴν

G2222

life

life (literally or figuratively)

#19

καὶ

G2532

and

and, also, even, so then, too, etc.; often used in connection (or composition) with other particles or small words

#20

ἀφθαρσίαν

G861

immortality

incorruptibility; genitive, unending existence; (figuratively) genuineness

#21

διὰ

G1223

through (in very wide applications, local, causal, or occasional)

#22

τοῦ

G3588

the (sometimes to be supplied, at others omitted, in english idiom)

#23

εὐαγγελίου

G2098

the gospel

a good message, i.e., the gospel

Analysis

The salvation theme here intersects with the metanarrative of redemption running from Genesis to Revelation. Biblical theology recognizes this as part of a unified storyline from the promise in Genesis 3:15 to its fulfillment in Christ. The phrase emphasizing life contributes to our systematic understanding of Christian doctrine and connects to the broader scriptural witness about God's saving work from the Exodus to the cross.

Historical Context

The literary and historical milieu of the literary conventions and historical circumstances of biblical literature shapes this text's meaning. The historical development of salvation within the theological tradition of 2 Timothy Understanding the ancient worldview that shaped the author's theological expression helps modern readers appreciate why the author emphasizes life in this particular way.

Questions for Reflection

In what ways does this verse's emphasis on life address religious pluralism and questions about the necessity of Christ, and how should the church respond?
How does the salvation theme in this verse connect to the overarching narrative of Scripture, and what does this reveal about God's character and purposes?
How does this passage contribute to our understanding of from physical deliverance in the Old Testament to spiritual redemption in the New, and what implications does this have for Christian discipleship?